ABSTRACT. The aim of this work was to verify by means of adaptability and stability analyses which genotype of Plinia sp. (jabuticaba tree) is more adapted to orchard conditions, based on the measures of stem growth and primary shoots. During a three-year period, the initial growth of jabuticaba tree genotypes from the native fruit collection of the Experimental Station of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos was evaluated. These genotypes included seedlings from forest fragments of the southwestern region of Paraná State and some from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, in a 29 x 3 factorial design, with three replicates in each treatment. Phenotypic adaptability and genotypic stability were evaluated based on the data obtained by the following methods: Eberhart and Russell, Lin and Binns and the AMMI. The analyses were carried out through the computer programs GENES and Stability. The methods that were tested to determine the adaptability and stability of the growth behaviour of the jabuticaba tree did not present consistent patterns in the results. However, the genotype generally referred to as 'Vitorino' was the most suitable for open-air cultivation.

Resumo O jamboleiro propaga-se geralmente por sementes, sendo este método inviável, devido aos problemas de segregação genética e pelo longo período que as plantas levam para alcançar a idade reprodutiva. Desta forma, o desenvolvimento de protocolo para propagação vegetativa desta espécie por meio da alporquia se torna alternativa importante a ser testada. Assim, o trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o uso de algodão, época de realização dos alporques, concentração de auxina e tipo de embalagem para a propagação de jamboleiro [Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels] por alporquia. Para tanto, utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, esquema fatorial 4 x 3 x 3 x 2 (época do ano x concentração de AIB x tipo de revestimento x presença ou ausência de algodão), com três repetições com cinco alporques. Após 180 dias da implantação do experimento, seguindo cada época de realização, foram mensuradas a porcentagem de calos nos ramos alporcados, o número e comprimento médio das três maiores raízes (cm) e a percentagem de enraizamento. Verificou-se que a estação do ano teve influência significativa no enraizamento dos alporques com as maiores médias no outono e inverno (33,22% e 31,34%, respectivamente). A alporquia em jamboleiro deve ser feita aplicando-se AIB a 4000 mg L-1 com uso do algodão e papel-alumínio como revestimento nas estações do outono e inverno.

Abstract Jambolan tree is usually propagated by seeds, which is a non-viable method due to problems of genetic segregation and the long period that the plants take to reach their reproductive ages. Thus, the development of the protocol for the vegetative propagation of this species through air layering becomes an important alternative to be tested. The objective of this work was to analyze the use of cotton, season of air layering, auxin concentration and type of packaging for propagation of jambolan tree [Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels]. For that, the randomized block design was used, a factorial scheme 4 x 3 x 3 x 2 (time of year x concentration of IBA x type of coating x presence or absence of cotton), with three replication with five air layered. The percentage of callus by branches, the number and average length of the three largest roots (cm) and the rooting percentage, were measured 180 days after the implantation of the experiment. It was verified that the season of the year had a significant influence on the rooting of the air layered, with the highest averages in autumn and winter (33.22% and 31.34%, respectively). The air layering in jambolan tree must be done applying 4000 mg L-1 with use of the cotton and aluminum foil like coating in the seasons of autumn and winter.

RESUMO O Brasil é um dos países com a maior diversidade vegetal do mundo, com destaque para a família Myrtaceae, à qual pertence a jabuticabeira. Seus frutos são de grande aceitabilidade, mas é pouco explorada comercialmente, pois demora a entrar em produção. Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento vegetativo e reprodutivo de jabuticabeira híbrida submetida a tratamentos de indução de florescimento. Adotou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, com os seguintes tratamentos: carbureto de cálcio, etefon, paclobutrazol, manejo diário de irrigação e controle. Foram avaliados os dados de crescimento e desenvolvimento reprodutivo. Para crescimento vegetativo, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, demonstrando não haver efeito negativo. Já o paclobutrazol mostrou-se o mais promissor, por antecipar o florescimento, ser efetivo na indução e apresentar maior produção.

ABSTRACT Brazil is one of the countries with the greatest vegetal diversity in the world, especially for the Myrtaceae family, to which the jabuticaba tree belongs. Its fruits are of great acceptability, but it is little explored commercially, because it takes a long time to reach the production stage. This study aimed to evaluate the vegetative and reproductive behavior of hybrid jabuticaba trees under flowering induction treatments. A randomized block design was used, with the following treatments: calcium carbide, etefon, paclobutrazol, daily irrigation management and control. Growth and reproductive development data were evaluated. For vegetative growth, there was no difference among the treatments, demonstrating no negative effect. On the other hand, paclobutrazol showed to be the most promising treatment, because it anticipates flowering, is effective in induction and results in a higher production.